ADCP (Antibody-Dependent Cellular Phagocytosis) is a critical immune effector mechanism that facilitates the clearance of target cells or pathogens through the collaboration of antibodies and phagocytic cells. The process involves the Fab region of the antibody binding to the target antigen on the surface of the target cell, while the Fc region of the antibody binds to Fcγ receptors (FcγR) expressed on the surface of effector cells (mainly macrophages). This interaction forms multiple cross-links, activating the ADCP pathway and ultimately leading to the phagocytosis of the target cell. In traditional ADCP activity assays, macrophage subtypes derived from human donors are commonly used as effector cells. However, these cells exhibit significant response variability, are challenging to prepare, and often produce high background signals, resulting in unstable and imprecise experimental outcomes.
With advanced engineering technologies, Genomeditech has developed multiple ADCP reporter gene cell lines based on Jurkat cells as highly efficient effector cell models. These cell lines stably express various Fcγ receptors and firefly luciferase driven by transcription factors. This system utilizes antibody-induced activation of the NFAT pathway to express firefly luciferase, enabling the quantitative detection of antibody activity in the ADCP mechanism. The luciferase signal is measured via bioluminescence detection, providing high sensitivity and low background noise. This optimized method not only significantly improves the stability and accuracy of detection signals but also effectively reduces background interference, making it broadly applicable for ADCP activity validation and functional evaluation of antibody drugs.
