Interferon-alpha is a broad-spectrum antiviral agent with antiviral, antitumor, and immune regulatory effects, playing a crucial role in human immune protection against viral infections. Interferon-alpha establishes an "antiviral state" by inducing cells to produce antiviral proteins, thereby preventing cells from being infected by viruses including coronaviruses. Additionally, it enhances the immune killing activity against viral infections, boosts the phagocytic function of macrophages, and increases cytotoxic activity. Interferon-alpha has been widely used in the prevention and treatment of viral infectious diseases.
